< PreviousRiello UPS boosts NextEnergy range with 800kVA version Riello UPS has expanded its super-efficient NextEnergy (NXE) series with a new 800kVA model. The NXE 800 is designed to protect larger data centres including hyperscale or colocation facilities and can power parallel installations up to a massive 6.4MVA. It joins the already popular 250-300-400-500-600kVA NextEnergy models and is manufactured using the same sophisticated transformer-free technologies that deliver unity power (kW = kVA) and TÜV-certified operational efficiency up to 97% in double-conversion online UPS mode. With front to top ventilation and full front access for maintenance eliminating the need for rear clearance, NextEnergy offers data centre operators the broadest range of installation options (ie against the wall, side-to-side, back- to-back). It also works with or without a neutral connection, reducing distribution costs for facilities that don’t require a neutral line. As with the rest of the NextEnergy range, the new NXE 800 incorporates a host of energy saving features that help to minimise power consumption and reduce running costs. These include an operating mode called Active ECO, which ensures enhanced efficiency of 98.5% by powering the load using the bypass line while still filtering harmonics on the mains without requiring any power factor correction. In addition, there’s an Efficiency Control System that optimises power consumption at low loads in parallel installations. It automatically places some UPSs into standby and shares the workload amongst the rest, ensuring the system runs at the highest possible efficiency. Leo Craig, Managing Director of Riello UPS, commented, “With this addition of the NXE 800, the NextEnergy range caters for data centres of all sizes, from smaller server rooms right the way through to hyperscale or colocation facilities.” The NextEnergy series is also compatible with lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors as alternative energy storage options. In addition, it offers a choice of three peak shaving options: static (pre-programmed at commissioning stage); remote controlled (by the user/operator); and dynamic (adjusts in real-time according to site conditions). Featuring a large 7in colour LCD touchscreen display panel for advanced communications, the NXE range easily integrates with all the main DCIM and remote monitoring software. n www.networkseuropemagazine.com NEWS IN BRIEF 10 Fluke has announced the launch of a new clamp meter designed to measure solar installation voltages at the new standard of 1500V while offering high safety specifications and being easy to use in congested solar combiner boxes. The Fluke 393 and 393 FC are the world’s first True-rms solar clamp meters to be rated at CAT III / 1500V DC according to the latest safety standard for clamp meters IEC/EN 61010-2-032:2019. The clamp meter is capable of measuring up to 1500V DC compared to standard instruments for this application, which are restricted to 1,000V DC. This makes the Fluke 393 the ideal choice for the installation and maintenance of utility- scale, large industrial and commercial-scale solar farms. With solar generation growing in importance to meet renewable energy demand, the new clamp meter is a major addition to Fluke’s range of instruments for solar applications, such as the insulation multimeters Fluke 1577/1587 or the IP67 rated multimeter Fluke 87V MAX. A high level of safety for users is guaranteed through the use of CAT III rated insulation at 1500V, the only solar clamp meter to offer this level of protection for solar installation technicians and engineers. The meter’s insulated test leads are rated to CAT III 1500V, while the meters offer CAT IV protection to 600V AC. The instrument’s IP54 rating makes the Fluke 393 clamp meter suitable for testing solar installations in a variety of climates and a wide range of weather conditions, protecting the instrument from both dust and rain ingress. The ability to make quick, easy and accurate measurements allows maintenance technicians to keep solar installations producing energy. The challenge is that solar combiner boxes are often small and congested, making it difficult to attach meters to make measurements. The Fluke 393 meets this challenge with a 25% thinner jaw than previous Fluke clamp meter models, making it easier and faster to take measurements in restricted spaces. The jaw design is durable, rugged and reliable and meets the stringent CAT III requirement for creepage and clearance. The 393 FC offers connectivity to Fluke Connect, eliminating the need for handwritten notes. Fluke Connect allows maintenance technicians and service staff to document values and share them with their team. Up to 65,000 data points can be recorded and uploaded. Besides voltage and current measurements, the new clamp meter provides DC power measurement and data logging to improve work efficiency. Productivity is enhanced by an audio beep that indicates correct PV polarity, as well as visual continuity indication to make continuity testing easier in low light conditions. Additionally, the meters offer a dual-line display for simultaneous measurements. Hans-Dieter Schuessele of Fluke says, “As the world’s first solar clamp meters to offer CAT III safety at 1500V, the new 393 and 393 FC clamp meters set a new standard in solar installation testing. Designed to be supremely safe and easy to use, they are a major contribution to helping installers and maintenance staff get solar farms online rapidly and keep them producing renewable energy.” n Fluke launches world’s first clamp meters for solar power installations with CAT III / 1500 V safety rating If you have news to share, contact: editor@networkseuropemagazine.comColt Technology Services' pioneering bioleaching trial Colt Technology Services has announced it has been partnering with IT life-cycle services specialist N2S on a pioneering bioleaching trial for over six months. N2S is the first company in the UK to extract precious metals using bioleaching. Their technique was developed in partnership with Coventry University. The innovative process is an environmentally considerate way to extract precious metals, including gold and copper, from electronic waste, using microbiological techniques and living organisms. The extracted precious metals can be reused, rather than being wasted in landfill, in turn, reducing pressure on mining for virgin materials. Bioleaching also produces no air pollution, unlike other extraction methods, such as smelting and incineration, which result in significant greenhouse gas emissions. With bioleaching, the waste undergoes an enhanced recycling process to identify any components made from precious and rare earth metals suitable for recovery. An in-depth analysis then takes place, with the materials being ball-milled to reduce them to powder. Non-metallic elements can then be removed and an Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometer (ICP- AES) is used to identify the quantity of elements. Caroline Griffin Pain, Colt’s General Counsel and EVP, HR, said, “Sustainability is a central element of our strategy, and we are continually looking at the latest green technologies in order to reduce our impact on the environment and offer customers the ability to partner with a sustainable business. Within this, circular economy is key; when we replace a piece of old equipment within our business, we look at how we can keep it out of landfill and ideally within the value chain, to produce less waste overall. As a result, we’re investigating the viability of using bioleaching to recover precious metals from our own equipment, in partnership with N2S, and will be evaluating the results as we near the end of the trial.” Steve Morris, N2S Managing Director, said, “It’s been really exciting to work with Colt to redefine the technology lifecycle. We are running this trial to help them understand what is contained in their end-of-life network and data centre equipment and see how it can be managed more sustainably. “Using our unique biotechnology process, we can extract large amounts of rare earth and precious metals such as gold and copper – sometimes up to 40% of a technology circuit board is made of copper. These metals can then be re-introduced into the manufacturing process to create a circular economy, helping Colt to meet its sustanability goals.” Recognised as a Visionary in the Gartner 2021 Magic Quadrant for Network Services, Colt also received Frost & Sullivan’s 2021 European Customer Value Leadership Award. The company’s recent industry-leading Net Promotor Scores (NPS) reflect Colt employees’ high motivation and the Financial Times’ Diversity Leaders list rated Colt first in the telco industry. n www.networkseuropemagazine.com NEWS IN BRIEF 11 Custodian Data Centres has announced plans to build a new 10MW carrier-neutral data centre in Dartford, Kent. Due to open in Q2 2022, the facility, named ‘DA2’, will be located less than 15 miles from Central London and is being built to support customer growth as its award-winning, 2MW Maidstone facility nears full capacity. Once operational, the site, which broke ground in September 2021, will operate at a PUE rating of below 1.3 and be powered by resilient, 100% dual diverse renewable energy feeds. The design of the facility will remain in keeping with its energy efficient flagship facility in ME14 Maidstone which uses five times less energy per kW of IT load than the average data centre. It will incorporate a chilled water-cooling system alongside hot and cold-aisle containment solutions to optimise IT temperatures within the whitespace, ensuring lower operating costs and a reduced carbon footprint for end-users. Custodian’s DA2 data centre has been designed to exceed Tier III standards, and once complete, will be ISO 27001 accredited, PCI DSS and Cyber Essentials Plus certified, creating a highly secure home for managed service and internet service providers (ISPs) looking to scale. It has also been designed to host the critical IT requirements of cloud, enterprise and public sector organisations who require in-house, technical expertise and agile, mission- critical facilities to support their infrastructure and applications. Further, as an accredited G-Cloud Service Provider, DA2 will join the Maidstone facility in becoming fully approved to provide services to governmental and public sector businesses. Rowland Kinch, CEO, Custodian Data Centres, said, “Uptime, digital security and energy efficiency are shaping the business environment. As businesses look toward their post- pandemic future and re-draw their digital transformation roadmaps, it’s now a commercial imperative to have a data centre partner that can underpin their growth with agile mission- critical infrastructure. At Custodian, we believe that our service-first ethos offers a step- change for the data centre market, and that our new DA2 facility offers a competitive choice for organisations looking to step away from the crowded London Docklands.” Once all three phases of the build are completed, DA2 will be designed to host up to 800 racks, while the 2500sqm size site will have a full capacity of 10MW, allowing growth of current and potential customers. DA2 will include advanced, multi-layer security features with reinforced doors, razor wire fencing, and both ANPR and high-resolution CCTV. The facility will also host an on-site 24/7 Network Operations Centre (NOC), alongside 2-stage secure visitor ID and independent control systems that prevent unwanted access to customers’ infrastructure. It will also incorporate an advanced, high pressure water mist fire suppression system, with full VESDA zone based addressable systems, and both high sensitivity rack and duct probe sensors. From a connectivity perspective, DA2 will be completely carrier-neutral and offer links to all key Tier I and Tier II cloud providers. It will include several fully diverse duct entry points, A + B carrier meet-me rooms and a dedicated Dark Fibre ring to offer latency connectivity from central London to Custodian’s ME14 data centre in Maidstone. Further, it will offer its own Global IP Transit via Custodian’s ASN 50300, delivering 1G to 400G Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) & Wavelength/Optical services direct to customers’ racks. n Custodian Data Centres unveils plans to build new 10MW data centre in Dartford, KentLacework customer momentum soars as attackers continue to target cloud environments Lacework has announced it is seeing an increase in customer adoption following the appointment of Jay Parikh as Co-CEO and a $525 million growth round led by Sutter Hill Ventures earlier this year. In the first quarter of 2021, the company reported 3x revenue growth, 5x increase in new customers and an almost 300% employee growth year-on-year. These growth metrics continued through the second quarter as Lacework attracted new customers across segments and industries with its differentiated platform, including expansion into 10 new countries. David “Hat” Hatfield, Co-CEO at Lacework, said, “The rapid adoption of the cloud presents organisations with a multitude of opportunities; however, it has introduced new cybersecurity challenges that many organisations do not have the right resources to protect against. At Lacework, being customer-centric is a core part of our DNA and it’s been empowering to work with our customers and partners to help them overcome these barriers and enable them to innovate quickly and securely. But the journey is just beginning. Our team is committed to continue to deliver both the depth and breadth of innovative solutions to help our customers consolidate the dozens of tools they have today, simplifying their environments, while increasing their ROI and their security posture.” Lacework’s data-driven approach to cloud security continues to drive significant business value for its customers, including reduced total ownership cost, improved productivity, increased revenue generation and reduced organisational risk. In Q2 2021, Lacework saw its customer count expand as the company continued to support hundreds of customers globally. Further validating the Lacework platform approach, G2.com, one of the largest and most trusted destinations for software reviews, ranks Lacework at the top of its list for both Cloud Security Posture Management (CSPM) and Cloud Workload Protection Platforms (CWPP). The company was also named “easiest to use” by G2.com for both categories. To support its next phase of growth, Lacework continues to expand its leadership team, including key executive and leadership hires in learning, customer success, human resources and developer experience, amongst other roles. New leaders include Lindsay Folk, as Chief of Learning, Seong Park, as Chief Customer Officer, Meg Diaz, as VP of Platform and Solutions Marketing, Devin Davis, as VP of Corporate Marketing, Shweta Vohra, as VP of HR and Jessica West, as VP of Developer Experience. As function and business leaders, these new Lacers will support Lacework’s growth as the company continues to expand globally, drive product innovation and enter new markets. n NEWS IN BRIEF www.networkseuropemagazine.com 12 ATTO Technology has announced support for LTO-9 tape technology across its product lines. Linear Tape-Open generation nine (LTO-9) technology improves upon the prior generation with more storage capacity and transfer speed. LTO-9 Ultrium tape stores up to 18TB uncompressed and 45TB compressed which is 50% greater capacity than LTO-8. Transfer speeds reach up to 400MB/s uncompressed and up to 1,000MB/s compressed. LTO-9 drives are backward compatible with LTO-8 media. ATTO supports backup and archive processes end-to-end with a full range of connectivity solutions for every environment. Industry-exclusive ATTO features and technologies allow for quicker and safer backups plus they provide design flexibility otherwise unavailable to system designers. ATTO Advanced Data Streaming, built into all ATTO HBAs, bridges and Thunderbolt devices, manages latency to provide controlled acceleration for smooth data streaming to maintain the highest consistent performance. When backing up data, write speed is the most important metric. ATTO SpeedWrite keeps paths between a host and ATTO XstreamCORE intelligent Bridge filled with data to boost write performance by up to 25% over a direct connect SAS HBA connection to tape drives. ATTO ThunderLink Thunderbolt adapters and ATTO ExpressSAS GT SAS HBAs deliver the fastest available connection to LTO-9 SAS tape drives. Featuring a full range of port configurations and driver support, easy-to-use features, extensive industry qualifications and integration with up to 16 tape drives per bridge. ATTO XstreamCORE intelligent Bridges enable the addition of direct-attached SAS tape to shared Ethernet networks, providing a flexible and easy way to scale and remotely share LTO-9 tape devices. n ATTO Technology announces support of LTO-9 tape technology Kao Data and Scan Business form strategic partnership Kao Data has announced it has formed a strategic partnership with Scan Business (Scan). Together, Kao Data and Scan have established a dedicated HPC and AI ecosystem, suited for advanced computing users who utilise NVIDIA’s latest generation hardware. This strategic and timely alliance follows the UK government’s plans to establish a National AI Strategy, which aims to boost business use of AI, attract international investment and develop the next generation of tech talent within the UK. Scan, an NVIDIA Elite Partner, offers more than 30 years of experience in specifying, deploying and maintaining hardware within technically complex HPC environments. The company delivers industry-leading expertise in developing and scaling AI initiatives, from deep learning frameworks to architectural and engineering support. Further, its Scan AI ecosystem has been created to deliver a trusted partner at every stage of the AI journey. As a DGX-Ready certified data centre provider and the hosts of NVIDIA’s Cambridge-1, the UK’s most powerful and fastest supercomputer, Kao Data is widely regarded as the UK’s leading solution for hosting high density, industrial scale HPC and AI. Its Harlow campus, inspired by hyperscale, was designed from inception to power demanding computing profiles sustainably, combining 100% renewable power, refrigerant free cooling and the facilities high performance design, to deliver a PUE of <1.2. The partnership will forge a dedicated pathway for organisations to acquire, install, power and maintain the latest high-density NVIDIA hardware for HPC and AI. Marnie Sutton, Director of Enterprise GPU, at Scan Computing commented, “This new partnership with Kao Data builds on our established credentials in HPC and AI to deliver supported hardware solutions, from across our ecosystem, in a secure and NVIDIA- certified data centre environment.” ninteliPhy net A DCIM designed for simplicity get your FREE TRIAL now! NEWS IN BRIEF 13 Westermo ethernet switch meets future demands of onboard rail applications Westermo has launched a powerful Ethernet switch, optimised to meet the increasing data communications demands of onboard rail applications. The Viper-8 series is designed to provide high-performance, reliable and secure networks that support important services such as public address systems, passenger information systems, onboard WiFi, video surveillance and train control and management systems. Onboard data networks must be extremely reliable to maximise the availability of services, support high-bandwidth applications, combat increasing cybersecurity threats and match the long lifecycle of trains. The Viper-8 meets these requirements by offering enhanced full-speed routing through all of its eight gigabit ports. This helps to maximise network performance, provides network designers with greater flexibility, and reduces the number of switches needed for typical consist ring or backbone switching applications. Cyber threats are met by a range of security features, such as routing capacity for network segmentation, secure boot, firewalls, VPN, intrusion detection and access control. Viper-8 adopts the Westermo WeOS operating system, which offers an extensive suite of IP networking features for resilient and flexible networks, and ensures continued long-term product support. Westermo product lifecycle management complements the needs of the rail industry by providing backwards compatible designs and long-term availability of new designs in the same form factor. The combination of exceptional performance, flexible port configuration and broad range of features provided by the WeOS operating software, creates a versatile solution that is suitable for a broad range of applications. Compliant with the EN 50155 rail standard, this very compact and rugged device has a GORE-TEX membrane that prevents internal condensation, and an all-metal casing and IP67 rating, enabling mounting anywhere on the train. Extremely low hardware and software failure rates and low service requirements maximise network availability. To further simplify network design and installation, triple isolation between all interfaces protects against overvoltage and flashover, enabling connection to the train’s auxiliary power. Anders Hanberg, Product Manager at Westermo, explained, “Onboard rail systems not only require more robust and reliable data networks, but these also need greater performance and functionality, and lower total cost of ownership. The Viper-8 has been specifically designed to meet current demands, but also offers functionality and long-term support that ensure the installed networks offer the extended lifecycles expected by train operators.” nDemand for bandwidth due to digitalisation and sustainability is increasing rapidly. This is the key driving force behind current investments in fibre and government policies aimed at accelerating fibre deployment. Uninterrupted, ultra-fast and error-free access to the Internet and Cloud applications, as well as outstanding Quality of Service, have become essential for both home and business users. Making informed decisions about solutions that bring fibre closer to workplaces and end-users and increase the bandwidth of WiFi access points is now more important than ever. In addition, we are currently seeing a convergence of the management of different types of building infrastructure which previously existed in their own silos, such as air conditioning, lighting, LAN, access control and heating. New technical developments - supported by cabling - make it possible to merge systems, allowing them to work more efficiently than ever before, and introducing new functionalities. By bringing systems together on a common IP platform, the combined intelligence of previously stand-alone systems can be exploited more fully, and new functionalities can be introduced, saving cost and boosting productivity. Michiel Panders, R&M General Manager Europe looks at why it's more important than ever to make informed decisions about solutions that bring fibre closer to workplaces and end-users and increase the bandwidth of WiFi access points. Michiel Panders, R&M General Manager Europe excl. DACH opportunities and challenges for and network cabling and network solutions www.networkseuropemagazine.com 14Developments, opportunities and lenges for cabling network solutions cabling and network solutions www.networkseuropemagazine.com 15An emerging technology named “Single Pair Ethernet (SPE)” is crucial for enabling the transition of traditional technology to IP. SPE is much more suited to wiring these systems than traditional eight-wire CAT cabling. Less cabling needs to be installed in places where 'traditional' cables could be too thick. Less copper is used, reducing cost. SPE helps offices become more sustainable while adding more devices and sensors. With its single twisted pair technology, compact connector dimensions and high connector density, relatively large ranges (15m to 1000m depending on the transmission capacity) and Power over Data Line capabilities, SPE will certainly help promote ‘All over IP’ concepts. Power Considerations In addition to continuously increasing bandwidth requirements, anyone installing a LAN needs to think about active components and the possibility to power devices remotely via data cable using Power over Ethernet (PoE) or Power over Digital Line (PoDL). These technologies, facilitated by current network convergence trends, can help reduce power usage, if used correctly and make it easier to locate devices anywhere or change their positions. Planners and end-users will need to consider the new Remote Power categories in the EN 50174 series of installation standards, which define the capability of an installation to support the different types of PoE. Individual channels that meet EN50173-1, using connectivity according to IEC 60512-99-2, will support the highest level of PoE (4PPoE with 90W). However, bundling channels can result in overheating problems. For data centres, uptime, cost control, efficiency and 'Time to Capability' are essential performance metrics. Applications are also expected to be up and running in just a few weeks - rather than months. Making this possible requires long-term planning, insight into available infrastructure, and the ability to pinpoint each connection at any time (also for compliance and security purposes). Infrastructure modernisation, managing increasing connection density and guaranteeing 'Time to Capability' requires systems that show exactly how the entire infrastructure is connected and managed at any given time. Planning five years ahead is sensible - albeit difficult - when it comes to available space, bandwidth, CPU, network capacity and servers capacity - which will increase from 25 to 100 to 400Gb. To support the rapid deployment of current and future technologies, it is important to create sufficient capacity without over-specifying or overspending. Infrastructure cabling and network solutions www.networkseuropemagazine.com 16managers require insight into the speed at which new services or functionalities can be made available. In addition, there also needs to be an overview of the physical infrastructure. DCIM and inventory management are essential here. Optimising 'Move Add & Changes' (MACs), processes and registrations through automation, will improve availability, uptime and Time to Capability for organisations and expand in a modular way. Automated workflow can help staff navigate processes and simplify MACs - particularly in edge data centres, which are often built in locations where trained support staff aren't readily available. Automation offers a solution for smaller data centres, where a single person might be responsible for IT, infrastructure management and facilities management. Telco/FTTX markets across regions use widely differing technical and logistical methods for creating fibre optic connections. What’s more, local variations in legislation, permits, (outdated) technologies, requirements and solutions result in complexity for providers and network operators. Technological solutions need to be carefully attuned and adapted to the local situation and customer needs. Significant investments are currently being made in the area of 5G rollout, which is key to large-scale digitalisation. Mobile operators rolling out 5G are facing new complexity, as 5G isn’t just ‘next-generation’ 4G, but a new type of technology. Performance associated with 5G, such as low latency, high capacity and reliability depends on having sufficient fibre. The inherent limitations of wireless solutions mean fibre and high-density architectures are essential to connecting billions of sensors and enabling extremely high, uninterrupted, low-latency symmetrical bandwidth. To make 5G possible, fibre optic networks need to be extended to reach antenna masts and a far greater number of access points will be required. Cabling and equipment will need to fit into increasingly small spaces, while at the same time the number of fibre-optic connections will have to be significantly higher. The larger fibre counts also introduce increased quality requirements. Smart Cities will play an important role in reducing energy consumption, while also enhancing comfort and safety. However, each Smart City is unique in terms of size, functions, street furniture, requirements of residents and businesses, and more, so extensive customisation is required. Systems become 'smart' through connectivity, supported by fibre optics or 5G (which, in turn, is built on fibre). A fibre backbone is also crucial for the electrification of traffic and optimisation of electricity grids. As companies invest in more and more (network) equipment and cabling, they need to keep a close eye on their sustainability performance. Fortunately, glass fibre is made of silicate, which is available in virtually unlimited quantities. Raw materials can be extracted or recycled at a reasonable cost and less material is needed. The main German broadband association recently announced that copper networks consume up to 17 times more electricity than fibre optic networks. The German Umweltbundesamt has demonstrated that CO2 emissions per hour of video streaming for FTTH are only half of those of the fastest copper network. A study by the FTTH Council Europe concluded that there are significant environmental benefits to be gained from dismantling copper networks and switching to fibre-fibre networks that emit 88% less greenhouse gases per gigabit than legacy technologies. Critical success factors Providers must be able to take the current and future needs of customers into account and ensure networks can continue to grow in a modular way. This is strongly linked to a deep understanding of local needs, customer relationships, specifications and regulations, and product characteristics. Network equipment companies must be able to support and advise customers on standardisation, automation and optimisation. In this way, end-customers can realise their business cases without worrying about technology, implementation, and future-proofing. Tackling all of these new trends and arriving at the best possible solution for your specific application can be challenging. For manufacturers and developers, it is vital to share expertise and engage in a dialogue with different target audiences. After all, there’s no single ‘one size fits all’ solution… n Significant investments are currently being made in the area of 5G rollout, which is key to large-scale digitalisation. cabling and network solutions www.networkseuropemagazine.com 17David Coffey Chief Product Officer NS1 Design in latency enhance application performance and user experiences The internet is exponentially more complex and distributed now than it was even five years ago. The number of internet-connected devices is increasing by thousands every minute. Because of this, it has become even more difficult to consistently deliver applications in a secure, reliable, and fast way. These applications have become the backbone of how we work, learn and stay connected in a digital age. Creating a consistent approach to delivering these applications in a secure, reliable, and fast way is a key problem to solve. low latency www.networkseuropemagazine.com 18Users expect exceptional application experiences, which makes consistent application performance critical, but complicated for organisations to deliver well. In today’s environment, latency can no longer be treated as an issue to solve once all the development work has been completed, or something to deal with as a company rolls out into production. Instead, organisations need a much better understanding of latency and the intricate technology and processes that impact it. It should be regarded as a tier one feature, fundamental to the success of an application and the experiences that audiences have as they interact with that application. But to better understand how to solve for latency, it is important to first consider how the application delivery landscape has changed. Change #1: Application audiences are more distributed First, audiences are more geographically distributed than ever before. Application delivery environments need to cover more territory, along with a greater variety of connectivity providers, making it extremely difficult to control for low latency. While the trend towards remote work was already growing, the pandemic has accelerated it, and employees are now working permanently on a remote basis. If they are not remote, they are heading into corporate headquarters or branch offices less frequently due to new flexible work approaches. Customers are accessing applications and websites from smartphones on cellular networks, on residential networks, and on the move. The ease with cy at the start to ion performance user experiences low latency www.networkseuropemagazine.com 19Next >